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Deadly "chemistry"01.11.2006
Nightclubs in Russia are becoming the main breeding ground for synthetic drugs among young people
Recently, the governors of Tyumen and Astrakhan regions announced a campaign to combat youth drug addiction. They threatened to close any nightclub where people in a state of drug intoxication are found. In Moscow, such a campaign was announced back in January. But the results are modest - this year, the authorities only managed to close the doors of the Estacada nightclub, which was causing particular irritation among Moscow drug police. Meanwhile, the popularity of "synthetics" among the capital's youth is only growing. According to statistics, it is becoming one of the "essential attributes" of relaxing in nightclubs. On the windowsill in Elena's room, children's toys are displayed, covering with their multi-colored plush a newspaper on which carved hemp leaves are drying. The 26-year-old girl grows the psychedelic plant "only for herself and close friends." She has more powerful synthetic drugs in her arsenal for sale. Elena has been living in Moscow for three years, raising a two-year-old daughter and has been working as a "dealer" in one of the night clubs for six months. One acquaintance delivers pills and powder to her with enviable consistency. She is the last link in a long chain. The last link "There is always demand in night clubs, no matter how much the product costs. The atmosphere obliges," says Elena, carefully putting pills and small packets of powder into her underwear. "After all, I need to feed my daughter somehow. And I won't be able to find another job like that that earns a thousand dollars a month. I act carefully, I sell only to friends. Well, or to friends of friends..." Drug enforcement officers have long dubbed the trade in "chemicals" a "student business," and recognize nightclubs as the main place of consumption. Narcologists echo them. Moscow psychiatrist Vladimir Ivanov told NI that 90% of drug addicts now begin their "career" with the use of synthetic substances, which they try for the first time in nightclubs. It is believed that in recent years, synthetic drugs have become fashionable among young people, even displacing heroin. Irreconcilable struggle The authorities have long had a grudge against night clubs, but they have not yet been able to find effective and legally correct methods of combating establishments where drug trafficking is rampant. Back in January of this year, Moscow Mayor Yuri Luzhkov, speaking to the capital's drug police, demanded: "If you have recorded the sale of drugs in a club, you must immediately close it. He (the club owner) will know who is selling drugs and will knock them out with his bouncers. And nothing will happen to our nightlife sector." Last week, the example of the capital's mayor was followed in the Volga and Siberia. Astrakhan Governor Alexander Zhilkin and Tyumen Governor Vladimir Yakushev almost simultaneously invited directors of night clubs in their regions for a "preventive talk" and announced that the clubs would have to close if visitors in a state of drug intoxication were noticed on the premises of the establishments. However, in reality, the authorities have no right to act so aggressively; there are no legal mechanisms for closing clubs. "It is unclear why the club's management should be held responsible for random visitors who, for example, took drugs in the toilet?! - the art director of one of the capital's clubs, Diana Vershinina, is indignant in an interview with NI. - Why do they immediately threaten to close? There are no clubs left now that would facilitate drug use on the premises. There is always face control at the entrance, carefully selecting visitors." The Law "On Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances" allows drug police officers to only petition the court to close clubs. And this, as we know, is a long process. It is much easier to suspend the activities of an establishment by identifying domestic violations there. It is for these reasons that "Estakada" - a club on Ryazansky Prospekt, which was considered a favorite spot for synthetic "dealers" - recently disappeared from the "night map" of the city. "Gaps in the legislation do not allow us to immediately take radical measures against clubs where drugs are used and distributed," Maria Lutsenko, head of the information and public relations department of the Federal Drug Control Service of the Russian Federation for Moscow, complains to NI. "But, in addition to the facts of drug distribution and use, there are almost always violations of other legal norms in clubs. Therefore, we invite representatives of prefectures, Rospotrebnadzor and other executive authorities to inspect "problematic" clubs." Currently, the Moscow department is "developing" about three dozen capital clubs, the names of which, naturally, are not disclosed. Police officers posing as ordinary visitors are on duty there every day and periodically organize mass raids. Over nine months, the department's employees checked 120 entertainment complexes. As a result, 37 criminal cases were opened, seven kilograms of drugs were confiscated. "None of the club managers, or even the visitors, will like constant drug control checks," Dmitry Alekseev, president of the International Association of Night Clubs, admits to NI. "In my opinion, even these levers for influencing clubs are already sufficient. Problems need to be solved in other ways. For example, by involving the management in an active fight. After all, management never receives income from drug distribution. In addition, people under the influence of drugs never order alcohol, and this is the main income of the club. Frequent checks can cause all the regulars to run away, which is not profitable for the clubs." The association is inventing its own methods of struggle - starting in the new year, they plan to conduct certification of clubs. All "good" establishments, on whose territory people have never been "high", will be given an honorary badge. It can be placed on a sign. This will allow potential clients to draw conclusions right away. Disco euphoria By two o'clock in the morning, dealer Elena hurries to a house party at her usual club - her "working day" is starting. The security guard and part-time face controller has known her for a long time - and lets her in without any search. The dance floor is stuffy and crowded. On the cubes placed in the center and corners, half-naked dancers, tired from work, often take turns. On the contrary, some visitors with bright smiles, dilated pupils and flushed faces shake incessantly for several hours in a row to "dynts-dynts-dynts". This is "house" - dynamic music with an ever-increasing sound of bass drum and cymbals. The prices at the bar are astonishing - regular mineral water is much more expensive than alcoholic cocktails. This is a sure sign that "chemicals" are used in the club - under the influence of drugs, thirst always torments. This means that the owners of the club are deliberately making profits from this. The club toilet is a special place. Some young lady slowly slides down the wall and ends up lying in a puddle on the floor, unbuttoning her blouse and talking loudly to herself. But no one thinks of calling an ambulance. Other girls calmly step over her on their way to the sink or toilet... Nostril to nostril The opinion has already taken hold in the youth "crowd" that synthetic drugs are "weak" and "not addictive". "It is possible that there is no physical dependence on synthetic drugs - scientists have not yet completed their research on this issue," Moscow narcologist Vladimir Ivanov tells NI. "However, psychological dependence creeps up rather quickly and unnoticed. In most cases, it occurs after several months of continuous use. And mental addiction is no easier to deal with during treatment than physical addiction." As Sergei Polyatykin, head of medical programs at the No to Alcoholism and Drug Addiction foundation, told NI, addiction accelerates when the drug is used for specific purposes - for example, to "expand consciousness" or set a physical record. The state of euphoria is remembered, and a strong desire to return to it arises. "I tried synthetics in a club and felt happy and in love with almost everyone in the world," Sell guitarist Alexander admits to NI. "But when the effect wore off, I became completely depressed. It was very uncomfortable. I slept for two days." As a rule, drug addicts themselves seek qualified help too late - in the final stages of addiction, when it is no longer possible to get rid of depression, suicidal tendencies or persecution mania, which are inevitable with the constant use of "chemistry". "I constantly felt like the police were watching me, that they were following me and were about to arrest me," recalls Alexander, a patient at a drug treatment clinic, in an interview with NI. "I took it for about six months. You sniff the powder and you're overwhelmed with a feeling of joy and love for all of humanity, but if you don't take it, you're overcome with depression, melancholy, and thoughts of suicide. That's why you constantly want to increase the dose, so that, God forbid, you don't commit suicide, to save yourself from thoughts of your pursuers." According to doctors, synthetic drugs affect the subcortex of the brain and promote the release of norepinephrine, an enzyme that can lift the mood, speed up motor skills and relieve fatigue for a long time. When the effect of drugs wears off, the body constantly experiences a severe deficiency of norepinephrine. Therefore, even joyful events in life are unable to relieve drug addicts from oppressive melancholy and fears. "Eventually, there comes a point when the norepinephrine deficiency is so high that even a lethal dose of the drug cannot lift the mood," explains doctor Vladimir Ivanov. "That's why drug addicts switch to stronger drugs, such as heroin. And they have to be treated for heroin addiction, which is much more difficult. And it all starts with a seemingly harmless pill bought at a house party in a club - most likely out of curiosity." LYUDMILA NAZDRACHEVA
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