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Marijuana during pregnancy destroys the fetal brain

03/10/2008 Endogenous cannabinoids regulate the formation of contacts between nerve cells during embryonic brain development. This indicates that smoking marijuana during pregnancy can have dire consequences. The formation of contacts between nerve cells in the embryonic brain occurs over a relatively short period of time. However, a person’s ability to think, remember, move and show emotions depends on the quality of the resulting complex system, consisting of hundreds of millions of neurons. The processes by which neurons recognize the cells with which they need to come into contact are regulated by specific chemical signals.

Scientists at the Swedish medical university Karolinska Institutet, working under the direction of Dr. Tibor Harkany, molecules synthesized by the brain, have found that endogenous human cannabinoids, functionally similar to the active substance in marijuana, tetrahydrocannabinol, play an unexpectedly important role in the formation of the brain. Endogenous cannabinoids and THC exert their effects on cells by interacting with the same cannabinoid CB1 receptors. Comparing this fact and the data obtained, the authors came to the conclusion that smoking marijuana during pregnancy can disrupt the normal process of brain formation and lead to the development of cognitive, social and motor abnormalities in the child.

This conclusion is supported by previous observations that children born to marijuana-using mothers are more likely than their peers raised in the same social group who were not exposed to the drug to suffer from cognitive impairment and impaired concentration, and are also characterized by hyperactivity and an inability to engage in normal social interactions. The authors believe that knowledge of the fundamental mechanisms by which cannabinoids participate in the formation of the nervous system will help in identifying the molecular changes that occur in the developing brain during prenatal exposure to marijuana cannabinoids.

health.sarbc.ru


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